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definite problem

Толкование Перевод

1 definite problem

мат. определенная задача

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > definite problem
2 definite problem

Математика: определённая задача

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > definite problem
3 definite problem

определенная проблема

Англо-русский словарь по исследованиям и ноу-хау > definite problem
4 definite

['def(ə)nət]
прил.

1) ясный, точный; назначенный, установленный; чётко выраженный

definite problem — ясная задача

definite answer — ясный и точный ответ

definite rights — чётко установленные права

definite event — установленное событие

She was definite about it. — У неё было чёткое мнение на этот счёт.

Is it definite that they will sign the contract? — Они точно подпишут этот контракт?

Syn:

determinate, fixed, certain, exact, precise, clearly defined

Ant:

ambiguous, implicit, obscure, tentative, vague

2) определённый

- definite article
- definite integral

Англо-русский современный словарь > definite
5 definite

adjective

(having exact limits) bestimmt; (precise) eindeutig, definitiv [Antwort, Entscheidung]; eindeutig [Beschluss, Verbesserung, Standpunkt]; eindeutig, klar [Vorteil]; klar umrissen [Ziel, Plan, Thema]; klar [Konzept, Linie, Vorstellung]; deutlich [Konturen, Umrisse]; genau [Zeitpunkt]

you don't seem to be very definite — Sie scheinen sich nicht ganz sicher zu sein

but that is not yet definite — aber das ist noch nicht endgültig

* * *
['definit]
adjective

(clear; fixed or certain: I'll give you a definite answer later.) eindeutig, endgültig

- academic.ru/19194/definitely">definitely
- definite article
* * *

defi·nite

[ˈdefɪnət]

I. adj evidence, proof sicher; place, shape, tendency, time limit bestimmt

let's make the 9th \definite machen wir den 9. fest

is that \definite? ist das sicher?

there's nothing \definite yet es steht noch nichts fest

one thing's \definite,... eines ist sicher,...

▪ to be \definite about sth sich dat einer S. gen sicher sein

a \definite answer eine klare [o eindeutige] Antwort

a \definite decision eine definitive Entscheidung

a \definite increase ein eindeutiger Zuwachs

to have \definite opinions feste Vorstellungen von etw dat haben

a \definite improvement eine eindeutige Verbesserung

II. n ( fam)

she's a \definite for the Olympic team sie wird auf jeden Fall in der Olympiamannschaft dabei sein

are you going to Anne's party? — it's a \definite kommst du zu Annes Party? — auf jeden Fall!

* * *
['defInɪt]
adj

1) (= fixed, concrete, explicit) definitiv; answer, decision klar, eindeutig; agreement, date, plan, intention, wish fest, definitiv; command, request bestimmt

is that definite? — ist das sicher?

there has been an improvement, that's definite — es ist eindeutig eine Verbesserung eingetreten

for definite (say, know) — mit Bestimmtheit

2) (= distinct, pronounced) mark, stain, lisp deutlich; advantage, improvement klar, eindeutig; problem, possibility echt

3) (= positive, decided) tone, manner bestimmt

she was very definite about it — sie war sich (dat) sehr sicher

4) (GRAM) definitiv

* * *

definite [ˈdefınıt] adj

1. bestimmt, präzis, klar, eindeutig (Vorstellung etc)

2. bestimmt, fest oder klar umrissen, eindeutig festgelegt:

definite plans feste Pläne

3. (genau) festgesetzt oder -gelegt, bestimmt (Zeitraum etc):

definite integral MATH bestimmtes Integral

4. endgültig, definitiv (Antwort etc)

5. LING bestimmt (Artikel)

def. abk

1. defective

2. defence; US defense

3. JUR defendant

4. WIRTSCH deferred

5. definite

6. definition

* * *

adjective

(having exact limits) bestimmt; (precise) eindeutig, definitiv [Antwort, Entscheidung]; eindeutig [Beschluss, Verbesserung, Standpunkt]; eindeutig, klar [Vorteil]; klar umrissen [Ziel, Plan, Thema]; klar [Konzept, Linie, Vorstellung]; deutlich [Konturen, Umrisse]; genau [Zeitpunkt]

you don't seem to be very definite — Sie scheinen sich nicht ganz sicher zu sein

but that is not yet definite — aber das ist noch nicht endgültig

* * *

adj.

bestimmt adj.

bestimmtes (Mathematik) adj.

definit adj.

eindeutig adj.

positiv / negativ (Mathematik) adj.

English-german dictionary > definite
6 definite

ˈdefɪnɪt прил.
1) ясный, точный, определенный;
назначенный, установленный;
четко выраженный adefinite problem ≈ определенная задача a definite answer ≈ ясный и точный ответ definite rights ≈ четко установленные права definite event ≈ определенное событие She was definite about it. ≈ У нее было четкое мнение на этот счет. Is it definite that they will sign the contract? ≈ Точно ли они подпишут этот контракт? definite integral ≈ определенный интеграл Syn: determinate, fixed, certain, exact, precise, clearly defined Ant: ambiguous, implicit, obscure, tentative, vague
2) грам. определенный definite article ≈ определенный артикль определенный, ясный, точный - * opinion определенное мнение - * period определенный /ограниченный во времени/ период - * dimensions точные размеры - * statement определенное /недвусмысленное/ заявление - you are not * enough вы не могли бы выражаться точнее? определенный, конкретный;
некоторый - to answer * needs отвечать некоторым потребностям - to come to a * understanding добиться определенной степени понимания (грамматика) определенный - the * article определенный артикль (ботаника) константный;
цимозный (о соцветии) definite определенный ~ определенный (тж. грам.) ;
for a definite period на определенный срок;
definite article грам. определенный артикль (в англ. языке the) ~ точный, ясный ~ определенный (тж. грам.) ;
for a definite period на определенный срок;
definite article грам. определенный артикль (в англ. языке the) ~ определенный (тж. грам.) ;
for a definite period на определенный срок;
definite article грам. определенный артикль (в англ. языке the)

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > definite
7 de antaño

= of old, age-old, old-time, of yore, of olden days, of yesteryear, bygone, gone by

Ex. Reference librarians can no more make bricks without straw that could the Israelites of old.

Ex. The current environment in higher education is providing an opportunity for librarians to define a future that will ensure their central role in the educational process and thus resolve these remaining age-old questions.

Ex. The old-time indoor apprentices, who had boarded and lodged with the printer and received only nominal wages, were mostly replaced by outdoor apprentices who found their own board and lodging and were paid wages according to their skill and experience.

Ex. Ironically, today's catalogs have gone full circle back to the book catalogs of yore, with each work having only one complete catalog entry = Paradójicamente, los catálogos de hoy día han vuelto a los catálogos en forma de libro de antaño, en los que cada documento tenía un único asiento catalográfico completo.

Ex. This article presents a view of the Internet as comparable to an American travelling carnival of olden days, the sort operated by con men and hucksters.

Ex. Attendance figures indicated the beginnings of a return to participation by many of the big publishers that shunned the show in recent years, although the mammoth stands of yesteryear remained absent = Las cifras de asistencia mostraban el comienzo de una vuelta a la participación de muchos de los editores que no habían asistido a la exposición en los últimos años, aunque los estands gigantescos de antaño seguían estando ausentes.

Ex. There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Ex. I hope my stroll down memory lane has stirred some long forgotten rememberances of good times gone by.

* * *

= of old, age-old, old-time, of yore, of olden days, of yesteryear, bygone, gone by

Ex: Reference librarians can no more make bricks without straw that could the Israelites of old.

Ex: The current environment in higher education is providing an opportunity for librarians to define a future that will ensure their central role in the educational process and thus resolve these remaining age-old questions.

Ex: The old-time indoor apprentices, who had boarded and lodged with the printer and received only nominal wages, were mostly replaced by outdoor apprentices who found their own board and lodging and were paid wages according to their skill and experience.

Ex: Ironically, today's catalogs have gone full circle back to the book catalogs of yore, with each work having only one complete catalog entry = Paradójicamente, los catálogos de hoy día han vuelto a los catálogos en forma de libro de antaño, en los que cada documento tenía un único asiento catalográfico completo.

Ex: This article presents a view of the Internet as comparable to an American travelling carnival of olden days, the sort operated by con men and hucksters.

Ex: Attendance figures indicated the beginnings of a return to participation by many of the big publishers that shunned the show in recent years, although the mammoth stands of yesteryear remained absent = Las cifras de asistencia mostraban el comienzo de una vuelta a la participación de muchos de los editores que no habían asistido a la exposición en los últimos años, aunque los estands gigantescos de antaño seguían estando ausentes.

Ex: There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Ex: I hope my stroll down memory lane has stirred some long forgotten rememberances of good times gone by.

Spanish-English dictionary > de antaño
8 del pasado

= has-been, of the past, bygone, of yesteryear, gone by

Ex. We are on the way to a transformed library service, total in design (and anything less than totality is doomed as a has-been today).

Ex. This article discusses the use of a metaphorical mode of writing in moralistic children's fiction of the past, where the intention was to make children good.

Ex. There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Ex. Attendance figures indicated the beginnings of a return to participation by many of the big publishers that shunned the show in recent years, although the mammoth stands of yesteryear remained absent = Las cifras de asistencia mostraban el comienzo de una vuelta a la participación de muchos de los editores que no habían asistido a la exposición en los últimos años, aunque los estands gigantescos de antaño seguían estando ausentes.

Ex. I hope my stroll down memory lane has stirred some long forgotten rememberances of good times gone by.

* * *

= has-been, of the past, bygone, of yesteryear, gone by

Ex: We are on the way to a transformed library service, total in design (and anything less than totality is doomed as a has-been today).

Ex: This article discusses the use of a metaphorical mode of writing in moralistic children's fiction of the past, where the intention was to make children good.

Ex: There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Ex: Attendance figures indicated the beginnings of a return to participation by many of the big publishers that shunned the show in recent years, although the mammoth stands of yesteryear remained absent = Las cifras de asistencia mostraban el comienzo de una vuelta a la participación de muchos de los editores que no habían asistido a la exposición en los últimos años, aunque los estands gigantescos de antaño seguían estando ausentes.

Ex: I hope my stroll down memory lane has stirred some long forgotten rememberances of good times gone by.

Spanish-English dictionary > del pasado
9 estar arraigado en

(v.) = be rooted in

Ex. There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

* * *

(v.) = be rooted in

Ex: There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Spanish-English dictionary > estar arraigado en
10 surgir de

v.

to come from, to be born from.

* * *

(v.) = arise out of, be rooted in, develop out of, emanate from, grow out of, stem from, spin off, come out of, spring off from, be born of

Ex. Code revision is occurring as a series of proposals which arise out of study teams.

Ex. There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Ex. The session on library and information services to people with disabilities addressed on agenda developed out of the feedback from various regional groups.

Ex. Works with unknown or uncertain personal authorship, or works emanating from a body that lacks a name are to be entered under title.

Ex. This article describes a new idea for national resource sharing which has grown out of current discussions on sector-orientated library and information services.

Ex. Both these general criticisms stemmed from more specific problems with the code.

Ex. A computerized search facility has been spun off from the basic work.

Ex. Perhaps the most outstanding model to come out of the NIC project was that of Detroit's community information service, which was given the name 'The Information Place', TIP.

Ex. Such writing can spring off from things that happen in the local community such as robberies, things that happen in the local community: robberies, street accidents, big sports events, a strike and the like.

Ex. According to Tolstoy, one's sadness is born of despair (sadness over the apparent meaninglessness of life or of life as one has lived it).

* * *

(v.) = arise out of, be rooted in, develop out of, emanate from, grow out of, stem from, spin off, come out of, spring off from, be born of

Ex: Code revision is occurring as a series of proposals which arise out of study teams.

Ex: There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Ex: The session on library and information services to people with disabilities addressed on agenda developed out of the feedback from various regional groups.

Ex: Works with unknown or uncertain personal authorship, or works emanating from a body that lacks a name are to be entered under title.

Ex: This article describes a new idea for national resource sharing which has grown out of current discussions on sector-orientated library and information services.

Ex: Both these general criticisms stemmed from more specific problems with the code.

Ex: A computerized search facility has been spun off from the basic work.

Ex: Perhaps the most outstanding model to come out of the NIC project was that of Detroit's community information service, which was given the name 'The Information Place', TIP.

Ex: Such writing can spring off from things that happen in the local community such as robberies, things that happen in the local community: robberies, street accidents, big sports events, a strike and the like.

Ex: According to Tolstoy, one's sadness is born of despair (sadness over the apparent meaninglessness of life or of life as one has lived it).

Spanish-English dictionary > surgir de
11 tener sus orígenes

(v.) = be rooted in

Ex. There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

* * *

(v.) = be rooted in

Ex: There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.

Spanish-English dictionary > tener sus orígenes
12 определенная задача

мат. definite problem

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > определенная задача
13 определённая задача

Mathematics: definite problem

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > определённая задача
14 definido

adj.

defined, clear-cut, distinct, bounded.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: definir.

* * *

definido

► participio pasado

1→ link=definir definir

► adjetivo

1 defined, definite

* * *

(f. - definida)

adj.

definite

* * *

ADJ

1) [línea] clearly defined; [preferencia] definite, clear

bien definido — well defined, clearly defined

definido por el usuario — (Inform) user-defined

2) [carácter] tough, manly

3) (Ling) definite

* * *

- da adjetivo <carácter/ideas> clearly-defined, well-defined; < opinión> clearly-defined

líneas muy definidas — sharp lines

* * *

= definite, sharp [sharper -comp., sharpest -sup.], stated, bounded, defined.

Ex. I don't see that we are going to stand a chance unless there is something very definite coming out of this conference and similar conferences where these ideas are advanced.

Ex. 'I'll give it more thought,' she said with a sharp frown, resuming her former posture.

Ex. Throughout, the code is based upon clearly stated principles.

Ex. This problem arises in real time multimedia applications, which often requires a guaranteed bandwidth and bounded delay to ensure that the quality of service is met = Este problema surge en las aplicaciones multimedia en tiempo real, que a menudo necesitan un ancho de banda garantizado y un retraso limitado para asegurar la calidad del servicio.

Ex. The Pearson correlation coefficient has been calculated to find out the correlation and to test the null hypothesis that there is no correlation among publishing in journals, citing from journals and use of journals by a defined set of researchers.

----

* bien definido = well-defined, clearly defined, clearly-drawn, articulated, clear-cut.

* claramente definido = well-defined, clearly defined, clearly-drawn, clear-cut.

* definido con precisión = closely defined.

* definido por el usuario = user-defined.

* definido por uno mismo = self-defined.

* definido recientemente = newly defined [newly-defined].

* poco definido = bleary [blearier -comp., bleariest -sup.].

* recién definido = newly defined [newly-defined].

* * *

- da adjetivo <carácter/ideas> clearly-defined, well-defined; < opinión> clearly-defined

líneas muy definidas — sharp lines

* * *

= definite, sharp [sharper -comp., sharpest -sup.], stated, bounded, defined.

Ex: I don't see that we are going to stand a chance unless there is something very definite coming out of this conference and similar conferences where these ideas are advanced.

Ex: 'I'll give it more thought,' she said with a sharp frown, resuming her former posture.

Ex: Throughout, the code is based upon clearly stated principles.

Ex: This problem arises in real time multimedia applications, which often requires a guaranteed bandwidth and bounded delay to ensure that the quality of service is met = Este problema surge en las aplicaciones multimedia en tiempo real, que a menudo necesitan un ancho de banda garantizado y un retraso limitado para asegurar la calidad del servicio.

Ex: The Pearson correlation coefficient has been calculated to find out the correlation and to test the null hypothesis that there is no correlation among publishing in journals, citing from journals and use of journals by a defined set of researchers.

* bien definido = well-defined, clearly defined, clearly-drawn, articulated, clear-cut.

* claramente definido = well-defined, clearly defined, clearly-drawn, clear-cut.

* definido con precisión = closely defined.

* definido por el usuario = user-defined.

* definido por uno mismo = self-defined.

* definido recientemente = newly defined [newly-defined].

* poco definido = bleary [blearier -comp., bleariest -sup.].

* recién definido = newly defined [newly-defined].

* * *

definido -da

adjective

‹carácter/ideas› clearly-defined, well-defined

no tiene una opinión definida al respecto he doesn't have a very clearly-defined o a definite opinion about it

líneas muy definidas sharp lines

una cara de rasgos muy definidos a face with very well-defined o very strong features

artículo

* * *

Del verbo definir: ( conjugate definir)

definido es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
definido
definir
definido
◊ -da adjetivo

clearly-defined
definir ( conjugate definir) verbo transitivo
to define
definido,-a adjetivo
1 (proyecto, idea, imagen) clear
(referido a las siluetas) sharp
2 Ling definite
definir verbo transitivo to define

' definido' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
definida
- nítida
- nítido
- otra
- otro
- a
English:
concrete
- grey area
- tentative
- undefined
- clean
- clear-cut
- definite
- distinct
- indistinct
- sharp

* * *

definido, -a adj

1. [límite, idea] (clearly) defined

2. [trazo, línea] sharp, well-defined

3. Gram
artículo definido definite article

* * *

definido

adj GRAM definite

* * *

definido, -da adj

: definite, well-defined

Spanish-English dictionary > definido
15 fijo

adj.

1 fixed, set, firm, stationary.

2 fixed, unblinking, unvarying.

3 flat, fixed.

4 fixed, not extendible, not postponable, peremptory.

m.

external fixed panel.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: fijar.

* * *

fijo

► adjetivo

1 (sujeto) fixed, fastened

2 (establecido) set, definite, firm

■ fecha fija set date

3 (firme) steady, stable, firm

4 (permanente) permanent

■ empleo fijo permanent job

■ residencia fija fixed address

5 (fotografía) fast

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

de fijo for certain, for sure

estar fijo,-a en to be settled in

* * *

(f. - fija)

adj.

1) fixed

2) firm

3) permanent

* * *

1. ADJ

1) (=sujeto) fixed

la mesa está fija a la pared — the table is fixed to the wall
barra 1), foto, piñón II
2) (=inmóvil) [mirada] fixed, steady; [punto] fixed

sentí sus ojos fijos en mí — I felt his eyes fixed on me

estaba de pie, con la vista fija en el horizonte — he was standing staring at the horizon, he was standing with his gaze fixed on the horizon

3) (=no variable) [fecha, precio] fixed

fiestas fijas, como el día de Navidad — fixed holidays, like Christmas Day

no hay una fecha fija de apertura — there's no definite o fixed o set date for the opening

no tengo hora fija para ir al gimnasio — I don't go to the gym at any particular time, I don't have a fixed time for going to the gym

como soy fotógrafo, no tengo horario fijo de trabajo — being a photographer, I don't have fixed o regular work hours

le ofrecieron una cantidad fija al mes por sus servicios — they offered him a fixed monthly sum for his services

"sin domicilio fijo" — "of no fixed abode"

• imposición a plazo fijo — fixed term deposit

• fondos de renta fija — fixed-interest funds

4) (=regular) [sueldo, novio] steady; [cliente] regular

el padre no tenía trabajo fijo — the father didn't have a steady job, the father was not in regular employment frm

5) (=permanente) [plantilla, contrato, empleado] permanent

estoy fijo en la empresa — I have a permanent job in the company

¿cuándo os van a hacer fijos? — when will you get a permanent contract?

6) [propósito] fixed, firm
idea 3), rumbo I, 1)
7)

• de fijo — * for sure *

sé de fijo que no va a estar en casa — I know for sure that he won't be at home *

de fijo que llueve esta noche — it's definitely going to rain tonight, it's going to rain tonight, that's for sure *

2. ADV

1) * (=con certeza) for sure *

ya sé que no voy a ganar, eso fijo — I know I'm not going to win, that's for sure *

2) (=con fijeza) fixedly

miraba muy fijo a su padre — she stared fixedly at her father

* * *
I
- ja adjetivo

1) ( no movible) fixed

la estantería está fija — the shelving is fixed to the wall (o floor etc)

asegúrate de que la escalera está bien fija — make sure the ladder is steady

tenía la mirada fija — he was staring into space

con los ojos fijos en ella — with his eyes fixed on her

de fijo: de fijo que vienen — I'm sure they'll turn up

2) <sueldo/precios> fixed; <trabajo/empleado> permanent; < cliente> regular

3) ( definitivo) < fecha> definite, firm
II
adverbio (fam)

¿crees que vendrá? - fijo — do you think she'll come? - definitely o (colloq) sure

en cuanto entre en la ducha, fijo que suena el teléfono — you can bet that as soon as I get in the shower, the phone will ring

* * *

= fixed, stationary, unwavering, standing, unmoving, motionless, permanent.

Ex. Affinitive relationships that exist between terms are not necessarily connected to one another in any fixed hierarchical manner.

Ex. In one simple version, known in England as the Scandinavian single platen machine (1841), the press bed and type were stationary throughout.

Ex. Savage's greatest claim to the attention of present-day librarians is his inspiring and unwavering belief in the value of librarianship.

Ex. A standing reproach to all librarians is the non-user.

Ex. The dynamic path generation problem of robots in environments with other unmoving and moving objects is considered.

Ex. In a control condition, participants recited memorized text to the research assistant who sat motionless.

Ex. Abstracts planned primarily as alerting devices may be shorter than those abstracts which are to be stored for permanent reference.

----

* activo fijo tangible = tangible fixed assets.

* bienes fijos tangibles = tangible fixed assets.

* campo de longitud fija = fixed length field.

* capital fijo = fixed capital.

* caravana fija = mobile home.

* clave de longitud fija = fixed-length key.

* cliente fijo = loyalty of custom.

* de campos fijos = fixed-field.

* de longitud fija = fixed-length.

* demanda fija = inelastic demand.

* disco fijo = fixed disc.

* imagen fija = still, still image, movie still.

* imposición a plazo fijo = certificate of deposit.

* ir de aquí para allá sin rumbo fijo = freewheel.

* línea fija = fixed line.

* norma fija = firm rule.

* permanecer fijo = remain + in place.

* préstamo de periodo fijo = fixed date loan period.

* registro de longitud fija = fixed-length record.

* regla fija = firm rule.

* sin domicilio fijo = of no fixed abode.

* sin residencia fija = of no fixed abode.

* teléfono fijo = fixed telephone, landline [land line].

* * *
I
- ja adjetivo

1) ( no movible) fixed

la estantería está fija — the shelving is fixed to the wall (o floor etc)

asegúrate de que la escalera está bien fija — make sure the ladder is steady

tenía la mirada fija — he was staring into space

con los ojos fijos en ella — with his eyes fixed on her

de fijo: de fijo que vienen — I'm sure they'll turn up

2) <sueldo/precios> fixed; <trabajo/empleado> permanent; < cliente> regular

3) ( definitivo) < fecha> definite, firm
II
adverbio (fam)

¿crees que vendrá? - fijo — do you think she'll come? - definitely o (colloq) sure

en cuanto entre en la ducha, fijo que suena el teléfono — you can bet that as soon as I get in the shower, the phone will ring

* * *

= fixed, stationary, unwavering, standing, unmoving, motionless, permanent.

Ex: Affinitive relationships that exist between terms are not necessarily connected to one another in any fixed hierarchical manner.

Ex: In one simple version, known in England as the Scandinavian single platen machine (1841), the press bed and type were stationary throughout.

Ex: Savage's greatest claim to the attention of present-day librarians is his inspiring and unwavering belief in the value of librarianship.

Ex: A standing reproach to all librarians is the non-user.

Ex: The dynamic path generation problem of robots in environments with other unmoving and moving objects is considered.

Ex: In a control condition, participants recited memorized text to the research assistant who sat motionless.

Ex: Abstracts planned primarily as alerting devices may be shorter than those abstracts which are to be stored for permanent reference.

* activo fijo tangible = tangible fixed assets.

* bienes fijos tangibles = tangible fixed assets.

* campo de longitud fija = fixed length field.

* capital fijo = fixed capital.

* caravana fija = mobile home.

* clave de longitud fija = fixed-length key.

* cliente fijo = loyalty of custom.

* de campos fijos = fixed-field.

* de longitud fija = fixed-length.

* demanda fija = inelastic demand.

* disco fijo = fixed disc.

* imagen fija = still, still image, movie still.

* imposición a plazo fijo = certificate of deposit.

* ir de aquí para allá sin rumbo fijo = freewheel.

* línea fija = fixed line.

* norma fija = firm rule.

* permanecer fijo = remain + in place.

* préstamo de periodo fijo = fixed date loan period.

* registro de longitud fija = fixed-length record.

* regla fija = firm rule.

* sin domicilio fijo = of no fixed abode.

* sin residencia fija = of no fixed abode.

* teléfono fijo = fixed telephone, landline [land line].

* * *

fijo¹ -ja

adjective

A (no movible) fixed

la estantería no se puede mover, está fija the shelving can't be moved, it's fixed to the wall ( o floor etc)

asegúrate de que la escalera está bien fija make sure the ladder is steady

una lámpara fija a la pared a lamp fixed to the wall

tenía la mirada fija he was staring into space, he had a glazed look in his eyes

con los ojos fijos en ella with his eyes fixed on her

de fijo ( fam); for sure

si te lo prometió, te lo trae de fijo if he promised it to you, I'm sure he'll bring it

hoy que no preparé nada, de fijo que vienen I haven't prepared anything today so you can bet they'll turn up

B

1 (no sujeto a cambios) ‹sueldo/renta/precios› fixed

hace cinco meses que trabajo aquí pero todavía no estoy fijo I've been working here for five months and they still haven't made me permanent

2 (permanente) ‹trabajo› permanent; ‹empleado› permanent

C (definitivo) ‹fecha› definite, firm

D ( Tel) land ( before n)

fijo²

adverb

( fam):

¿crees que vendrá? — fijo do you think she'll come? — definitely o ( colloq) sure

fijo que el fin de semana llueve you can bet it'll rain at the weekend

en cuanto entre en la ducha suena el teléfono, fijo you can bet that as soon as I get in the shower, the phone will ring

fijo³

masculine

( RPl)

set scrum

* * *

Del verbo fijar: ( conjugate fijar)

fijo es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

fijó es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
fijar
fijo
fijar ( conjugate fijar) verbo transitivo
1
a) (poner, clavar) ‹poste/estantería› to fix;

( on signs) prohibido fijar carteles stick no bills;
◊ fijó la mirada en el horizonte she fixed her gaze on the horizon

b) ‹atención/mente› to focus

2
a) ‹ residencia› to take up, establish (frml)

b) ‹fecha/cifra/precio› to set

c) [reglamento/ley] to state

fijarse verbo pronominal
a) ( prestar atención):

◊ fíjate bien en cómo lo hace watch carefully how she does it;

fíjate en lo que haces watch o pay attention to what you're doing
b) ( darse cuenta) to notice;

◊ ¿te has fijado en que no discuten nunca? have you noticed that they never quarrel?;

¡fíjate lo que ha crecido! just look how she's grown!
fijo 1
◊ -ja adjetivo

a) ( no movible) fixed;

◊ una lámpara fija a la pared a lamp fixed to the wall;

con los ojos fijos en ella with his eyes fixed on her;
asegúrate de que la escalera está bien fija make sure the ladder is steady
b) ‹sueldo/precios› fixed;

‹trabajo/empleado› permanent;
‹ cliente› regular
c) ( definitivo) ‹ fecha› definite, firm

fijo 2 adverbio (fam):
◊ ¿crees que vendrá? — fijo do you think she'll come? — definitely o (colloq) sure;

fijo que el domingo llueve it's bound to rain on Sunday
fijar verbo transitivo
1 to fix: se prohíbe fijar carteles, (en letrero) post no bills
2 (la atención, los ojos, etc) fijar la vista en algo, to fix one's eyes on
3 (acordar, establecer) to set: fija el día y la hora, set a date
fijo,-a
I adjetivo
1 fixed
2 (trabajo) steady
II adverbio for sure: fijo que protesta, you can bet he'll complain

' fijo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bambolearse
- clavada
- clavado
- domicilio
- fija
- fijarse
- imposición
- piñón
- puesta
- puesto
- sujeta
- sujeto
- tasa
- vagar
- vagabundear
- fijar
- punto
- rumbo
- trabajo
English:
aimlessly
- apprentice
- fix
- fixed
- flat
- go
- permanent
- piecemeal
- set
- stand about
- stand around
- steady
- steady-job
- tack
- abode
- aimless
- built
- float
- intent
- standing

* * *

fijo, -a

♦ adj

1. [sujeto] firmly attached;

un mueble fijo a fixed piece of furniture

2. [inmóvil] fixed;

tiene residencia fija en Lima he is domiciled in Lima, his permanent home is in Lima

3. [mirada, vista] fixed;

tenía los ojos fijos en él she didn't take her eyes off him, she had her eyes fixed on him

4. [seguro, definitivo] definite;
[empleado, trabajo] permanent; [cliente] regular;
estoy fijo en la empresa I've got a permanent job in the company;

no tienen fecha fija para la boda they haven't set a date for the wedding;

el reglamento todavía no es fijo the rules haven't been fixed yet

♦ adv
Fam definitely;
fijo que viene he's definitely coming;

en que llegue a casa te llamo, fijo I promise I'll phone you as soon as I get home

♦ de fijo loc adv
Fam definitely
* * *

fijo

I adj

1 espejo, balda fixed

2 trabajo permanent

3 fecha definite

4

:

idea fija idée fixe, obsession

II adv

:

mirar fijo stare at

* * *

fijo, -ja adj

1) : fixed, firm, steady

2) permanente: permanent

* * *

fijo adj

1. (en general) fixed

el taburete está fijo al suelo the stool is fixed to the floor

un precio fijo a fixed price

2. (firme) steady [comp. steadier; superl. steadiest]

¿está bien fijo? is it steady?

3. (permanente) permanent

una residencia fija a permanent address

un puesto de trabajo fijo a permanent job

Spanish-English dictionary > fijo
16 definitivo

adj.

1 definite, positive, sure, certain.

2 definitive, decisive, final, categorical.

3 defining.

* * *

definitivo

► adjetivo

1 definitive, final

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

en definitiva finally, in short, all in all

■ en definitiva, no lo compro porque no tengo dinero in short, I'm not buying it because I haven't got enough money

* * *

(f. - definitiva)

adj.

definitive

- en definitiva

* * *

ADJ

1) (=final) definitive, final

la clausura definitiva de la línea ferroviaria — the permanent closure of the railway line

2) (=inamovible) [proyecto, fecha, respuesta] definite

este es el plan, pero no es definitivo — this is the plan, but it's not definite

ya es definitivo que las elecciones son en mayo — the election will now definitely be in May

3) [prueba] definitive, conclusive

4)

en definitiva: es, en definitiva, una pésima película — in short, it's a terrible film

en definitiva, que no quieres venir — so you don't want to come then?

este es, en definitiva, el mejor pacto alcanzable — all in all o all things considered, this is the best deal we can expect to achieve

* * *

- va adjetivo <texto/solución/respuesta> definitive; < cierre> permanent, definitive

su adiós definitivo al público — her final farewell to all her fans

ya es definitivo que no viene — he's definitely not coming

ésta es, en definitiva, la mejor opción — all things considered o all in all, this is the best option

* * *

= definitive, determinate, unalterable, final, cut and dried [cut and dry].

Nota: Escrito con guiones cuando se usa como adjetivo.

Ex. His definitive article, 'Backlog to Frontlog,' Library Journal (September 15, 1969), was indicative of his creative and simple, yet effective and economical solutions to traditional library problems.

Ex. There is no coherent and determinate body of legal doctrine and the categories available for classifying legal problems simply mask the incoherency and indeterminacy of legal doctrine.

Ex. Flexibility in the notation of a scheme enables us to make a choice, but once made that choice becomes unalterable.

Ex. The final index will mirror current terminology.

Ex. When you start getting into these cases, you realize how much things change over time and how they're not cut and dried.

----

* carácter definitivo = finality, conclusiveness.

* en definitiva = in all, all in all, in the last analysis, in the final analysis, all things considered.

* lo definitivo = the last word.

* ser definitivo = be final.

* * *

- va adjetivo <texto/solución/respuesta> definitive; < cierre> permanent, definitive

su adiós definitivo al público — her final farewell to all her fans

ya es definitivo que no viene — he's definitely not coming

ésta es, en definitiva, la mejor opción — all things considered o all in all, this is the best option

* * *

= definitive, determinate, unalterable, final, cut and dried [cut and dry].

Nota: Escrito con guiones cuando se usa como adjetivo.

Ex: His definitive article, 'Backlog to Frontlog,' Library Journal (September 15, 1969), was indicative of his creative and simple, yet effective and economical solutions to traditional library problems.

Ex: There is no coherent and determinate body of legal doctrine and the categories available for classifying legal problems simply mask the incoherency and indeterminacy of legal doctrine.

Ex: Flexibility in the notation of a scheme enables us to make a choice, but once made that choice becomes unalterable.

Ex: The final index will mirror current terminology.

Ex: When you start getting into these cases, you realize how much things change over time and how they're not cut and dried.

* carácter definitivo = finality, conclusiveness.

* en definitiva = in all, all in all, in the last analysis, in the final analysis, all things considered.

* lo definitivo = the last word.

* ser definitivo = be final.

* * *

definitivo -va

adjective

‹texto/solución› definitive

su adiós definitivo al público her final farewell to all her fans

el cierre definitivo del local the permanent closure of the premises

éstos son los resultados definitivos these are the final o definitive results

ya es definitivo que no viene he's definitely not coming

se pretende dar una solución definitiva al problema the idea is to solve the problem once and for all o to find a definitive solution to the problem

necesito una respuesta definitiva hoy I need a definite answer today

en definitiva all in all

en definitiva, el resultado es muy esperanzador in short o all in all, the result is very hopeful

ésta es, en definitiva, la mejor opción all things considered o all in all, this is the best option

* * *

definitivo
◊ -va adjetivo ‹texto/solución/respuesta› definitive;

‹ cierre› permanent, definitive;
◊ ya es definitivo que no viene he's definitely not coming

definitivo,-a adjetivo definitive
♦ Locuciones: en definitiva, in short

' definitivo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
definitiva
- incierta
- incierto
- no
- temporal
- trampolín
- última
- último
- fijo
English:
conclusive
- definite
- definitive
- eventual
- final

* * *

definitivo, -a

♦ adj

1. [concluyente, final] final, definitive;

la versión definitiva [de un texto] the definitive version;

los resultados definitivos the final results;

el Supremo emitirá el dictamen definitivo sobre el caso the Supreme Court will make the definitive judgement in the case

2. [permanente, para siempre] definitive, final;

la sede definitiva de la empresa estará en Buenos Aires the company's definitive headquarters will be in Buenos Aires;

su despedida definitiva de los campos de fútbol his final departure from the soccer pitch

3. [decisivo] decisive;

su intervención fue definitiva para resolver el conflicto his intervention was decisive in resolving the conflict

♦ en definitiva loc adv

en definitiva, el futuro es prometedor all in all, the future looks promising;

ésta es, en definitiva, la única alternativa que nos queda this is, in short, the only alternative we have left

* * *

definitivo

adj conclusión definitive; respuesta definite;

en definitiva all in all

* * *

definitivo, -va adj

1) : definitive, conclusive

2)

en definitiva : all in all, on the whole

3)

en definitiva Mex : permanently, for good

* * *

definitivo adj

1. (en general) final

la versión definitiva the final version

2. (solución) definitive

3. (respuesta) definite

Spanish-English dictionary > definitivo
17 klären

I v/t

1. (reinigen) purify; (Abwässer) treat

2. (Sache, Missverständnis) clear up; (Sache, Tatbestand) clarify; (Frage) settle

II v/i SPORT clear; der Abwehrspieler klärte auf der Linie the defender cleared off the line

III v/refl

1. Himmel etc.: clear (up)

2. Frage: be settled; Problem: be solved

* * *

to clear up; to clarify

* * *
klä|ren ['klɛːrən]
1. vt
to clear; Wasser, Luft to purify; Abwasser to treat; Bier, Wein to fine; Fall, Sachlage to clarify, to clear up; Frage to settle
2. vi (SPORT)
to clear (the ball)
3. vr
(Wasser, Himmel) to clear; (Wetter) to clear up; (Meinungen, Sachlage) to become clear; (Streitpunkte) to be clarified; (Frage) to be settled
* * *

1) (to make or become definite or clear: He tried to crystallize his ideas.) crystallize

2) (to make or become definite or clear: He tried to crystallize his ideas.) crystallise

3) (to reach a decision or agreement: Have you settled with the builders when they are to start work?; The dispute between management and employees is still not settled.) settle

4) (to clear up or explain (a mystery, crime etc): That crime has never been solved.) solve

* * *

klä·ren

[ˈklɛrən]

I. vt

1. (aufklären)

▪ etw \klären to clear up sth sep

eine Frage \klären to settle a question

ein Problem \klären to resolve [or settle] [or solve] a problem

eine Sachlage \klären to clarify a situation

den Tatbestand \klären to determine the facts [of the matter]

2. (reinigen)

▪ geklärt werden Abwässer, Luft to be treated

3. KOCHK

▪ etw \klären to clarify [or settle] sth

II. vr

1. (sich aufklären)

▪ sich akk \klären to be cleared up

das Problem wird sich schon eventuell [von selber] \klären the problem will probably resolve [or settle] itself [of its own accord]

2. (sauber werden)

▪ sich akk [wieder] \klären Wasser to become clear [again]

* * *
1.
transitives Verb

1) (aufklären) settle, resolve <question, issue, matter>; clarify < situation>; clear up <case, affair, misunderstanding>

2) (reinigen) purify; treat <effluent, sewage>; clear <beer, wine>
2.
reflexives Verb

1) (klar werden) < situation> become clear; <question, issue, matter> be settled or resolved

2) (rein werden) < liquid, sky> clear
3.
intransitives Verb (Ballspiele) clear [the ball]

* * *

klären

A. v/t

1. (reinigen) purify; (Abwässer) treat

2. (Sache, Missverständnis) clear up; (Sache, Tatbestand) clarify; (Frage) settle

B. v/i SPORT clear;

der Abwehrspieler klärte auf der Linie the defender cleared off the line

C. v/r

1. Himmel etc: clear (up)

2. Frage: be settled; Problem: be solved

* * *
1.
transitives Verb

1) (aufklären) settle, resolve <question, issue, matter>; clarify < situation>; clear up <case, affair, misunderstanding>

2) (reinigen) purify; treat <effluent, sewage>; clear <beer, wine>
2.
reflexives Verb

1) (klar werden) < situation> become clear; <question, issue, matter> be settled or resolved

2) (rein werden) <liquid, sky> clear
3.
intransitives Verb (Ballspiele) clear [the ball]

* * *

v.

to clarify v.

to clear v.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > klären
18 work out

1. transitive verb
1) (find by calculation) ausrechnen

2) (solve) lösen [Problem, Rechenaufgabe]

3) (resolve)

work things out with somebody/for oneself — die Angelegenheit mit jemandem/sich selbst ausmachen

4) (devise) ausarbeiten [Plan, Strategie]

5) (make out) herausfinden; (understand) verstehen

I can't work him out — ich werde aus ihm nicht klug

6) (Mining): (exhaust) ausbeuten
2. intransitive verb
1) (be calculated)

something works out at £250/[an increase of] 22 % — etwas ergibt 250 Pfund/bedeutet [eine Steigerung von] 22 %

2) (give definite result) [Gleichung, Rechnung:] aufgehen

3) (have result) laufen

things worked out [well] in the end — es ist schließlich doch alles gut gegangen

things didn't work out the way we planned — es kam ganz anders, als wir geplant hatten

* * *

1) (to solve or calculate correctly: I can't work out how many should be left.) ausrechnen

2) (to come to a satisfactory end: Don't worry - it will all work out (in the end).) klappen

3) (to perform physical exercises.) Gymnastik machen

* * *

◆ work out

I. vt

1. (calculate)

▪ to \work out out ⇆ sth etw errechnen [o ausrechnen]

\work out it out to three decimal places rechnen Sie es bis drei Stellen hinter dem Komma aus

to \work out out ⇆ a problem eine Aufgabe lösen

to \work out out the best way den günstigsten Weg berechnen

to \work out out how much/what... ausrechnen, wie viel/was...

2. (develop)

▪ to \work out out ⇆ sth etw ausarbeiten

to \work out out a settlement einen Vergleich aushandeln

to \work out out a solution eine Lösung erarbeiten

to \work out out how/what/when... festlegen, wie/was/wann...

3. (understand)

▪ to \work out out ⇆ sb jdn verstehen, aus jdm schlau werden; ( fam)

▪ to \work out out ⇆ sth etw verstehen

4. (figure out)

▪ to \work out out ⇆ sth hinter etw akk kommen

you can \work out out for yourself what's going on! du kannst dir doch wohl selbst denken, was los ist!

▪ to \work out out that... dahinterkommen, dass...

5. (complete)

to \work out out a contract einen Vertrag erfüllen

to \work out out one's notice seine Kündigungsfrist einhalten

to \work out out one's sentence [or time] seine Haftstrafe absitzen

6. (solve itself) problem sich von allein[e] lösen

▪ to \work out itself out:

things usually \work out themselves out die Dinge erledigen sich meist von selbst

7. usu passive MIN

▪ to be \work outed out mine, quarry ausgebeutet sein; mineral resources abgebaut sein

II. vi

1. (amount to)

the contribution \work outs out at roughly £20 der Beitrag beläuft sich auf etwa 20 Pfund

that \work outs out at 154 litres per day das macht 154 Liter am Tag

how many pounds does that \work out out at? wie viel Pfund macht das?

the figures \work out out differently each time die Zahlen ergeben jedes Mal etwas anderes

to \work out out cheaper/more expensive billiger/teurer kommen

2. (develop) sich entwickeln; (progress) laufen fam

the way it \work outed out in the end was that... am Ende lief es darauf hinaus, dass...

how is it \work outing out with your new girlfriend? wie läuft es mit deiner neuen Freundin? fam

to \work out out for the best sich zum Guten wenden

to \work out out badly schiefgehen fam

to \work out out well gut laufen fam

don't worry, everything will \work out out [well] in the end mach dir keine Sorgen, es wird alles gutgehen

their relationship is \work outing out [well] ihre Beziehung funktioniert [gut]

3. (do exercise) trainieren

* * *

1. vi

1) (= allow solution puzzle, sum etc) aufgehen

2)

(= amount to) that works out at £105 — das gibt or macht £ 105

it works out more expensive in the end — am Ende kommt or ist es teurer

how much does that work out at? — was macht das?

3) (= succeed plan, marriage, idea) funktionieren, klappen (inf)

things didn't work out at all well for him — es ist ihm alles schiefgegangen

how's your new job working out? — was macht die neue Arbeit?

I hope it all works out for you — ich hoffe, dass alles klappt (inf) or dass dir alles gelingt

things didn't work out that way — es kam ganz anders

4) (in gym etc) Fitnesssport machen, trainieren

2. vt sep

1) (= solve, calculate) herausbringen; code entschlüsseln, knacken (inf); mathematical problem lösen; problem fertig werden mit; sum ausrechnen

you can work that out for yourself —

surely he can manage to work things out for himself (in life) — er kann doch bestimmt allein zurechtkommen

things will always work themselves out — Probleme lösen sich stets von selbst

2) (= devise) scheme (sich dat) ausdenken; (in detail) ausarbeiten

3) (= understand) person schlau werden aus (+dat)

can you work out where we are on the map? — kannst du herausfinden or -bringen, wo wir auf der Karte sind?

I can't work out why it went wrong — ich kann nicht verstehen, wieso es nicht geklappt hat

4) (= complete) prison sentence absitzen

to work out one's notice — seine Kündigungsfrist einhalten

5) (= exhaust) mine ausbeuten, erschöpfen; minerals abbauen

to work sth out of one's system (fig) — etw überwinden, mit etw fertig werden

6) (= remove) nail, tooth etc (allmählich) herausbringen

* * *

work out

A v/t

1. ausrechnen, eine Aufgabe lösen:

work things out with sb umg mit jemandem ins Reine kommen;

work things out for o.s. umg mit seinen Problemen allein fertig werden;

most things work themselves out umg die meisten Probleme lösen sich von selbst

2. einen Plan etc ausarbeiten

3. bewerkstelligen, zu Wege bringen

4. eine Schuld etc abarbeiten

5. Bergbau: abbauen, (auch fig ein Thema etc) erschöpfen

6. umg schlau werden aus jemandem

7. work one’s guts out umg sich die Seele aus dem Leib arbeiten

B v/i

1. sich herausarbeiten, zum Vorschein kommen ( beide:

from aus)

2. work out at ( oder to) sich belaufen oder beziffern auf (akk)

3. klappen, gut gehen, sich gut etc anlassen:

work out well (badly);

things worked out to his advantage die Dinge entwickelten sich zu seinem Vorteil;

things don’t work out between us zwischen uns beiden klappt es nicht

4. SPORT umg (Fitness oder Kondition) trainieren

* * *
1. transitive verb
1) (find by calculation) ausrechnen

2) (solve) lösen [Problem, Rechenaufgabe]

3) (resolve)

work things out with somebody/for oneself — die Angelegenheit mit jemandem/sich selbst ausmachen

4) (devise) ausarbeiten [Plan, Strategie]

5) (make out) herausfinden; (understand) verstehen

I can't work him out — ich werde aus ihm nicht klug

6) (Mining): (exhaust) ausbeuten
2. intransitive verb
1) (be calculated)

something works out at £250/[an increase of] 22 % — etwas ergibt 250 Pfund/bedeutet [eine Steigerung von] 22 %

2) (give definite result) [Gleichung, Rechnung:] aufgehen

3) (have result) laufen

things worked out [well] in the end — es ist schließlich doch alles gut gegangen

things didn't work out the way we planned — es kam ganz anders, als wir geplant hatten

* * *

v.

ausarbeiten v.

austüfteln v.

berechnen v.

herausarbeiten v.

lösen v.

English-german dictionary > work out
19 Creativity

   1) All Human Complex Problem Solving Is Creativity

   Put in this bald way, these aims sound utopian. How utopian they areor rather, how imminent their realization-depends on how broadly or narrowly we interpret the term "creative." If we are willing to regard all human complex problem solving as creative, then-as we will point out-successful programs for problem solving mechanisms that simulate human problem solvers already exist, and a number of their general characteristics are known. If we reserve the term "creative" for activities like discovery of the special theory of relativity or the composition of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, then no example of a creative mechanism exists at the present time. (Simon, 1979, pp. 144-145)

   2) Artificial Intelligence Models of Creative Association

   Among the questions that can now be given preliminary answers in computational terms are the following: how can ideas from very different sources be spontaneously thought of together? how can two ideas be merged to produce a new structure, which shows the inﬂuence of both ancestor ideas without being a mere "cut-and-paste" combination? how can the mind be "primed," so that one will more easily notice serendipitous ideas? why may someone notice-and remember-something fairly uninteresting, if it occurs in an interesting context? how can a brief phrase conjure up an entire melody from memory? and how can we accept two ideas as similar ("love" and "prove" as rhyming, for instance) in respect of a feature not identical in both? The features of connectionist AI models that suggest answers to these questions are their powers of pattern completion, graceful degradation, sensitization, multiple constraint satisfaction, and "best-fit" equilibration.... Here, the important point is that the unconscious, "insightful," associative aspects of creativity can be explained-in outline, at least-by AI methods. (Boden, 1996, p. 273)

   3) Creative Innovation and Social Independence

   There thus appears to be an underlying similarity in the process involved in creative innovation and social independence, with common traits and postures required for expression of both behaviors. The difference is one of product-literary, musical, artistic, theoretical products on the one hand, opinions on the other-rather than one of process. In both instances the individual must believe that his perceptions are meaningful and valid and be willing to rely upon his own interpretations. He must trust himself sufficiently that even when persons express opinions counter to his own he can proceed on the basis of his own perceptions and convictions. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 58)

   4) Ego Strength and Emotional Stability among Creative Geniuses

   he average level of ego strength and emotional stability is noticeably higher among creative geniuses than among the general population, though it is possibly lower than among men of comparable intelligence and education who go into administrative and similar positions. High anxiety and excitability appear common (e.g. Priestley, Darwin, Kepler) but full-blown neurosis is quite rare. (Cattell & Butcher, 1970, p. 315)

   5) Its Mundane Character

   he insight that is supposed to be required for such work as discovery turns out to be synonymous with the familiar process of recognition; and other terms commonly used in the discussion of creative work-such terms as "judgment," "creativity," or even "genius"-appear to be wholly dispensable or to be definable, as insight is, in terms of mundane and well-understood concepts. (Simon, 1989, p. 376)

   6) Mozart's Musical Ideas Came to Him in Polished Form

   From the sketch material still in existence, from the condition of the fragments, and from the autographs themselves we can draw definite conclusions about Mozart's creative process. To invent musical ideas he did not need any stimulation; they came to his mind "ready-made" and in polished form. In contrast to Beethoven, who made numerous attempts at shaping his musical ideas until he found the definitive formulation of a theme, Mozart's first inspiration has the stamp of finality. Any Mozart theme has completeness and unity; as a phenomenon it is a Gestalt. (Herzmann, 1964, p. 28)

   7) Scientific Theories and Works of Art Alike Originate in Fantasy

   Great artists enlarge the limits of one's perception. Looking at the world through the eyes of Rembrandt or Tolstoy makes one able to perceive aspects of truth about the world which one could not have achieved without their aid. Freud believed that science was adaptive because it facilitated mastery of the external world; but was it not the case that many scientific theories, like works of art, also originated in phantasy? Certainly, reading accounts of scientific discovery by men of the calibre of Einstein compelled me to conclude that phantasy was not merely escapist, but a way of reaching new insights concerning the nature of reality. Scientific hypotheses require proof; works of art do not. Both are concerned with creating order, with making sense out of the world and our experience of it. (Storr, 1993, p. xii)

   8) Self- Esteem and Creative Expression

   The importance of self-esteem for creative expression appears to be almost beyond disproof. Without a high regard for himself the individual who is working in the frontiers of his field cannot trust himself to discriminate between the trivial and the significant. Without trust in his own powers the person seeking improved solutions or alternative theories has no basis for distinguishing the significant and profound innovation from the one that is merely different.... An essential component of the creative process, whether it be analysis, synthesis, or the development of a new perspective or more comprehensive theory, is the conviction that one's judgment in interpreting the events is to be trusted. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 59)

   9) Stages in Creative Problem- Solving

   In the daily stream of thought these four different stages [preparation; incubation; illumination or inspiration; and verification] constantly overlap each other as we explore different problems. An economist reading a Blue Book, a physiologist watching an experiment, or a business man going through his morning's letters, may at the same time be "incubating" on a problem which he proposed to himself a few days ago, be accumulating knowledge in "preparation" for a second problem, and be "verifying" his conclusions to a third problem. Even in exploring the same problem, the mind may be unconsciously incubating on one aspect of it, while it is consciously employed in preparing for or verifying another aspect. (Wallas, 1926, p. 81)

    10) The Bisociative Pattern of the Creative Synthesis

   he basic, bisociative pattern of the creative synthesis [is] the sudden interlocking of two previously unrelated skills, or matrices of thought. (Koestler, 1964, p. 121)

    11) The Earliest Stages in the Creative Process Involve a Commerce with Disorder

   Even to the creator himself, the earliest effort may seem to involve a commerce with disorder. For the creative order, which is an extension of life, is not an elaboration of the established, but a movement beyond the established, or at least a reorganization of it and often of elements not included in it. The first need is therefore to transcend the old order. Before any new order can be defined, the absolute power of the established, the hold upon us of what we know and are, must be broken. New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive that world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." (Ghiselin, 1985, p. 4)

    12) The Inner Life of the Creative Process

   New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive our world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." Chaos and disorder are perhaps the wrong terms for that indeterminate fullness and activity of the inner life. For it is organic, dynamic, full of tension and tendency. What is absent from it, except in the decisive act of creation, is determination, fixity, and commitment to one resolution or another of the whole complex of its tensions. (Ghiselin, 1952, p. 13)

    13) The Problem of What Impels the Creative Person

   [P]sychoanalysts have principally been concerned with the content of creative products, and with explaining content in terms of the artist's infantile past. They have paid less attention to examining why the artist chooses his particular activity to express, abreact or sublimate his emotions. In short, they have not made much distinction between art and neurosis; and, since the former is one of the blessings of mankind, whereas the latter is one of the curses, it seems a pity that they should not be better differentiated....

   Psychoanalysis, being fundamentally concerned with drive and motive, might have been expected to throw more light upon what impels the creative person that in fact it has. (Storr, 1993, pp. xvii, 3)

    14) Theories of Creative Thinking

   A number of theoretical approaches were considered. Associative theory, as developed by Mednick (1962), gained some empirical support from the apparent validity of the Remote Associates Test, which was constructed on the basis of the theory.... Koestler's (1964) bisociative theory allows more complexity to mental organization than Mednick's associative theory, and postulates "associative contexts" or "frames of reference." He proposed that normal, non-creative, thought proceeds within particular contexts or frames and that the creative act involves linking together previously unconnected frames.... Simonton (1988) has developed associative notions further and explored the mathematical consequences of chance permutation of ideas....

   Like Koestler, Gruber (1980; Gruber and Davis, 1988) has based his analysis on case studies. He has focused especially on Darwin's development of the theory of evolution. Using piagetian notions, such as assimilation and accommodation, Gruber shows how Darwin's system of ideas changed very slowly over a period of many years. "Moments of insight," in Gruber's analysis, were the culminations of slow long-term processes.... Finally, the information-processing approach, as represented by Simon (1966) and Langley et al. (1987), was considered.... [Simon] points out the importance of good problem representations, both to ensure search is in an appropriate problem space and to aid in developing heuristic evaluations of possible research directions.... The work of Langley et al. (1987) demonstrates how such search processes, realized in computer programs, can indeed discover many basic laws of science from tables of raw data.... Boden (1990a, 1994) has stressed the importance of restructuring the problem space in creative work to develop new genres and paradigms in the arts and sciences. (Gilhooly, 1996, pp. 243-244; emphasis in original)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Creativity
20 pin down

(to make (someone) give a definite answer, statement, opinion or promise: I can't pin him down to a definite date for his arrival.) abligar a uno a que concrete; hacer que se comprometa

pin down (In a fight)

expr.

• inmobilizar v.

v + o + adv, v + adv + o

1) ( prevent from moving)

they pinned him down — (se echaron sobre él y) lo inmovilizaron

2)

a) ( define) \<\<cause/identity\>\> definir, precisar

something's wrong with me, but I can't pin it down — algo tengo, pero no sabría decir exactamente qué

b) ( force to state position)

it's useless trying to pin politicians down — es inútil intentar que los políticos se definan

I managed to pin him down to a definite date — conseguí que se comprometiera para una fecha concreta

VT + ADV

1) (=fasten or hold down) sujetar

he pinned me down by my wrists — me sujetó por las muñecas

I was pinned down by a fallen tree — quedé atrapado bajo un árbol caído

2) (fig)

a) (=oblige to be specific)

to pin sb down — hacer que algn concrete

she is really hard to pin down — es difícil hacerla concretar

the minister refused to be pinned down on the timing of the reforms — el ministro no quiso comprometerse a dar fechas específicas para las reformas

you can't pin him down to a date — es imposible lograr que nos dé una fecha concreta

b) (=identify) [+ problem] identificar; [+ concept] precisar, definir; [+ reason] dar con; [+ date] precisar

the idea is rather hard to pin down — es un concepto difícil de precisar or definir

there's something wrong but I can't pin it down — algo va mal pero no sé exactamente qué

3) (Mil) [+ troops] atrapar

our men were pinned down by artillery fire — nuestros hombres se vieron atrapados por fuego de artillería

* * *

v + o + adv, v + adv + o

1) ( prevent from moving)

they pinned him down — (se echaron sobre él y) lo inmovilizaron

2)

a) ( define) \<\<cause/identity\>\> definir, precisar

something's wrong with me, but I can't pin it down — algo tengo, pero no sabría decir exactamente qué

b) ( force to state position)

it's useless trying to pin politicians down — es inútil intentar que los políticos se definan

I managed to pin him down to a definite date — conseguí que se comprometiera para una fecha concreta

English-spanish dictionary > pin down

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